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Erika Bourguignon
Erika Eichhorn Bourguignon (February 18, 1924 – February 15, 2015)〔("Bourguignon, Erika Eichhorn" ). ''Who's Who in America'', 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-18.〕〔("Erika Eichhorn Bourguignon" ), ''The Columbus Dispatch'', retrieved 2015-02-23〕 was an American anthropologist known primarily for her work on possession trance and other altered states of consciousness.〔Glazier, Stephen D. (2004). ("Erika Bourguignon" ). ''Biographical Dictionary of Social and Cultural Anthropology''. Retrieved 2013-10-18.〕 She was “considered the premier anthropological authority on trance, possession, and altered states of consciousness”〔Through the Lens." ''Ascent, the Magazine of the Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences''. Spring 2012.〕 and "one of the founders of the field of anthropology of consciousness."〔 She was born in Vienna, Austria, but left with her parents in 1938.〔Rich, Grant Jewell. (1999). "Erika Bourguignon: A Portrait of the Anthropology of Consciousness." ''Anthropology of Consciousness 10'': 50-58.〕 After receiving a B.A. from Queens College in 1945,〔 she began graduate studies at Northwestern University, working there under Melville J. Herskovits and Alfred Irving Hallowell. She did field research among the Chippewa in Wisconsin and in Haiti (1947–48).〔
After returning from Haiti, Bourguignon joined the faculty of The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio, where she taught for over 40 years. From 1971 to 1976 she served as Chair of The Ohio State’s Anthropology Department. Throughout her career she was an active member in several academic organizations, and was especially prominent in the Society for Psychological Anthropology and the Central States Anthropological Society.〔“Bourguignon, Erika Eichhorn.” 2003. In ''Who’s Who in the Midwest''. New Providence NJ: Marquis. pp. 63–64.〕 After she retired from Ohio State in 1990, she continued to pursue several academic and other interests including creating a weekly radio show on world music, co-founding a women-in-development seminar, and serving as the first chair of Ohio State's Council on Academic Excellence for Women.〔 Bourguignon received an Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa, from Queens College, CUNY, in 2000.
==Early life==
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